Hello friends, I have explain each option for every question so you fully understand why the correct answer is right and why the others are wrong.
1. Which bacteria most commonly cause acute dacryocystitis?
- A. Staphylococci → Correct. Most common cause, especially Staphylococcus aureus.
- B. Pneumococci → Wrong. They can cause infections but rarely dacryocystitis.
- C. Hemophilus Influenzae → Wrong. More common in respiratory infections, not lacrimal sac infections.
- D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa → Wrong. Typically seen in contact lens infections, less so in dacryocystitis.
2. Ciliary congestion is most marked at the:
- A. Sclera → Wrong. Scleral vessels are superficial; deep inflammation affects other areas more.
- B. Fornix → Wrong. Fornix is related to conjunctival disease, not deep ciliary congestion.
- C. Bulbar conjunctiva → Wrong. Bulbar conjunctival vessels are superficial.
- D. Limbus → Correct. Deep vessels congest at the limbus, especially in uveitis or keratitis.
3. Treatment of central dense leucoma is:
- A. Penetrating keratoplasty → Correct. Full-thickness corneal transplantation restores vision.
- B. Lamellar keratoplasty → Wrong. Partial thickness — not effective for central dense scars.
- C. Tattooing → Wrong. Used cosmetically to hide scars, not to restore vision.
- D. Enucleation → Wrong. Removal of the eye — only for severe pain or malignancy, not just leucoma.
4. Bullous keratopathy involves:
- A. Descemet’s membrane → Wrong. It supports the endothelium, but disease primarily affects endothelial cells.
- B. Epithelium → Wrong. Secondary blistering happens here, but primary problem is endothelial failure.
- C. Endothelium → Correct. The endothelium pumps fluid; damage causes fluid build-up and bullae.
- D. Bowman’s membrane → Wrong. It's a tough layer under epithelium, not the issue here.
5. Munson’s sign is seen in:
- A. Episcleritis → Wrong. Mild superficial scleral inflammation, no effect on eyelid shape.
- B. Chalcosis → Wrong. Deposition of copper in the eye, unrelated to Munson’s sign.
- C. Keratoconus → Correct. Corneal thinning and cone-like protrusion deform the lower eyelid on looking down.
- D. Retinal detachment → Wrong. Retina detachment affects posterior eye, no effect on eyelid.
6. Abnormal dryness is seen in:
- A. Xerophthalmia → Correct. Severe dryness due to Vitamin A deficiency or Sjögren's syndrome.
- B. Trichiasis → Wrong. Misdirected eyelashes rubbing the cornea, not dryness.
- C. Hordeolum → Wrong. Stye; acute infection of glands, not dryness.
- D. Pterygium → Wrong. Growth of conjunctiva onto cornea; irritation possible but not primary dryness.
7. False regarding pseudo-pterygium:
- A. Stationary → True. Pseudo-pterygium does not grow like real pterygium.
- B. Seen at any site → True. Can occur anywhere due to trauma or inflammation.
- C. Probe cannot be passed → False. Correct answer. In pseudo-pterygium, probe can be passed underneath.
- D. Can occur at any age → True. Because it's related to injury or inflammation, not age-related degeneration.
8. Everbusch operation is for:
- A. Ptosis → Correct. Surgery to correct drooping eyelid (ptosis).
- B. Proptosis → Wrong. Protrusion of the eyeball — different treatment needed.
- C. Lagophthalmos → Wrong. Inability to close the eyelids completely — treated differently.
- D. Entropion → Wrong. Inward turning of eyelid margin — corrected by other surgeries.
9. D-shaped pupil occurs in:
- A. Iridocyclitis → Wrong. Inflammation causes small, irregular pupils, not D-shaped.
- B. Iridodonesis → Wrong. Tremulous iris due to lack of lens support, not D-shaped.
- C. Cyclodialysis → Wrong. Ciliary body detachment — causes hypotony, not D-shaped pupil.
- D. Iridodialysis → Correct. Tear at the iris root after trauma, making the pupil D-shaped.
10. Koeppe’s nodules are seen on:
- A. Lid margin → Wrong. Lid margin nodules are seen in blepharitis, not uveitis.
- B. Pupillary margin → Correct. In granulomatous uveitis, small nodules appear at the pupil edge.
- C. Limbus → Wrong. Limbus nodules could be seen in phlyctenular disease, not Koeppe's.
- D. Conjunctiva → Wrong. Conjunctival nodules appear in other infections, not Koeppe's.
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ophthalmology MCQ